The performance characteristics of magnesium-based low smoke zero halogen flame retardants (such as magnesium hydroxide) are as follows:
Flame retardant performance
Highly efficient heat absorption and flame retardancy
Magnesium hydroxide absorbs a large amount of heat when decomposing at 340℃-490℃ (with a total heat absorption of 44.8 kJ/mol), effectively reducing the surface temperature of the material and delaying thermal decomposition.
Physical barrier and chemical synergy
The magnesium oxide generated by decomposition covers the surface of the material, forming an insulating layer. The released water vapor dilutes the oxygen concentration, and the dual effect inhibits combustion.
2. Low smoke and halogen-free characteristics
Significant smoke suppression effect
When the addition amount reaches 9%, the maximum smoke density can be reduced from 2556 to 375, and the smoke suppression performance is superior to that of aluminium hydroxide.
Halogen-free environmental protection
It is halogen-free and does not release toxic gases such as hydrogen halide during combustion, meeting environmental protection regulations such as RoHS and REACH.
3. Stability and Safety
High-temperature stability
The decomposition temperature range is wide (340℃-490℃), which is suitable for the processing temperature of various polymer materials.
Non-corrosive
It has no corrosive effect on equipment and does not affect the electrical insulation of materials. It is suitable for fields with high insulation requirements such as wires and cables.
4. Filling and modification potential
Multifunctional filling
It has the triple functions of flame retardancy, smoke suppression and filling, and can replace some traditional fillers to reduce costs.
Surface modification improvement
The compatibility with polymers is improved and mechanical properties are enhanced through surface treatments such as silane coupling agents.
5. Application advantages
Low toxicity and safe
The combustion products are mainly magnesium oxide and water, which are non-toxic and harmless. They are suitable for fields such as food packaging and medical devices.
Cost-benefit
The raw materials are widely available (such as magnesite and brucite), with relatively low prices and strong market competitiveness.
6. Technological Development Trends
Ultra-refinement and nanoscale
Reducing particle size can significantly enhance the flame retardant efficiency, and nano-scale magnesium hydroxide has better flame retardant performance.
Compound coordination
When compounded with phosphorus-based and nitrogen-based flame retardants, it forms a synergistic flame retardant system, reducing the addition amount and enhancing the overall performance.
Summary: Magnesium-based low smoke zero halogen flame retardants (such as magnesium hydroxide), with their highly efficient flame retardancy, low smoke zero halogen, environmental friendliness and safety, have broad application prospects in fields such as wires and cables, automotive interiors, and building materials, and represent an important development direction for flame retardant materials in the future.
