The preparation methods of plant oil-based flame retardants are diverse. The following are some common preparation methods:
Preparation method using epoxy soybean oil as raw material:
Epoxy soybean oil (ESO) was mixed with NaN₃ and reacted under the action of an acidic catalyst to obtain azide vegetable oil.
By reacting azide vegetable oil with alkynyl mixture (alkynyl phosphide + alkynyl silane) under heating conditions, phosphorus, nitrogen and silicon-containing plant oil-based flame retardants can be quantitatively obtained.
Preparation method using methyl tung oil as raw material:
The methyl ester of tung oil and hydrogen peroxide were reacted under catalytic conditions to obtain epoxylated methyl ester of tung oil.
The plant oil-based flame retardant is obtained by reacting epoxylated methyl ester of tung oil with diethyl phosphate under catalytic conditions.
The preparation method of introducing phosphorus groups:
By introducing phosphorus groups into vegetable oils, flame retardants such as phosphorylated flaxseed oil (PLO) and phosphorylated downstream corn oil (PCO) were prepared. These flame retardants undergo acid-ester exchange reactions during the ignition process, forming oligomers. The mixture immediately drips down, taking away all the heat to prevent fires.
Preparation method of nitrogen-phosphorus synergistic flame retardants containing vegetable oils:
Under the influence of an alkaline catalyst, vegetable oils are ammoniolated with a certain amount of amine compounds at a certain temperature for a period of time. Then, after water washing, liquid separation and vacuum distillation to remove small-molecule substances, nitrogen-containing compounds are obtained.
This substance is uniformly mixed with phosphorus-containing compounds and reacted at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain a nitrogen-phosphorus synergistic flame retardant based on vegetable oil.
